Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Energy Fuels Completes Acquisition of Titan Uranium | Vanadium Mining Stocks For The Redox Battery http://ping.fm/6LFbs
Sunday, February 26, 2012
Energy Fuels Inc ~ Uravan Mineral Belt Colorado | Vanadium Mining Stocks For The Redox Battery http://ping.fm/7HDEt
Saturday, February 25, 2012
Friday, February 24, 2012
New blog post : Titan Sales Uranium Project to Mega Uranium, One Step Closer to Energy Fuels ... http://bit.ly/AoekrI
New blog post : Gossan Receives Bird River Project Withdrawal Notice From Stillwater http://bit.ly/xYKSSj
Thursday, February 23, 2012
New blog post : Energy Fuels Inc. Announces Acquisition Of Additional Uranium And Vanadium Property In Utah's Sage Plain District From Uranium Energy Corp. http://bit.ly/xlvoaF
New blog post : Energy Fuels and Titan Announce Sale of Titan's Canadian Assets to Mega Uranium http://bit.ly/wiLqvy
New blog post : Energy Fuels Inc. Announces Acquisition Of Key Uranium And Vanadium Property In Utah's Sage Plain District http://bit.ly/wnVjhP
New blog post : Energy Fuels Inc. And Titan Uranium Inc. Sign Letter of Intent to Merge http://bit.ly/z86dZq
Wednesday, February 22, 2012
New blog post : Energy Fuels Inc. And Titan Uranium Inc. Finalize Business Combination Agreement http://bit.ly/yTqDnj
New blog post : Energy Fuels and Titan Announce Approval of Plan of Arrangement by Energy ... http://bit.ly/zYhKzO
Look, no hands! The driverless future of driving is here – What's Next - CNN.com Blogs http://ping.fm/c2yue
Tuesday, February 21, 2012
New blog post : Rocky Mountain Resources Corp. Enters Into Advisory Services Agreement With Byron Capital Markets http://bit.ly/xHkA6l
Russian Scientists Grow Flowers from 30,000-year-old Seeds | Science | RIA Novosti http://ping.fm/ce9cy
Monday, February 20, 2012
Budget 2012: Government may consider listing Ferro Manganese Slag under Free Items, says FICCI http://ping.fm/wq2uD
Sunday, February 19, 2012
Just updated my Google+ profile with my picture. I was never very photogenic... lol! http://ping.fm/YeHw2
Saturday, February 18, 2012
Thursday, February 16, 2012
According to @klout, @widerangemarket's Klout score is 41. How influential are you? http://ping.fm/u2WYs
New blog post : Energizer Resources Intersects 118.6 m of Graphite in Drill Core Grading 6.24% C, and 106 m at 7.11% C in Trench Sampling http://bit.ly/xGI5Cd
Wednesday, February 15, 2012
New blog post : Ron MacDonald Appointed Executive Chairman of American Vanadium Corp. http://bit.ly/wyZnJQ
New blog post : From Canada, TSX/TSX-V News: Treasury Metals, Tarsis Resources, Wild Stream ... http://bit.ly/y1FV1G
Sunday, February 12, 2012
Saturday, February 11, 2012
Friday, February 10, 2012
New blog post : Apella Resources begins new strategy with Lac Dore sale to Prestige Mining unit http://bit.ly/xEHJyY
New blog post : Rocky Mountain Resources Corp. Partners With Dig Media On Vanadium Investing News.com http://bit.ly/wzsHN8
New blog post : Argex Silver Capital Inc. Commences Drilling On The Hervieux Ouest Zone At Lac La Blache http://bit.ly/wBzfhg
New blog post : American Vanadium Corp. Announces Private Placement of Up To $1 Million and Appointment of New Chief Financial Officer http://bit.ly/x0Vjda
New blog post : Argex Silver Capital Inc. Closes Non-Brokered Private Placement http://bit.ly/yYfUsM
New blog post : Energizer Resources Inc. Initiates Process for Mine Permit and Provides Update on Preliminary Economic Assessment http://bit.ly/wtYs98
New blog post : Gossan Resources Limited Acquires Control Of The Claims Network Inc. http://bit.ly/A6x2e1
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc Announces Robert Guilbault As Chairman Of Board http://bit.ly/ym4bAi
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc Announces Robert Guilbault As Chairman Of Board http://bit.ly/wVK8Vd
New blog post : Apella Resources Inc. Commences Drilling On Iron-T Vanadium Iron Titanium Project http://bit.ly/xdrxJx
New blog post : Gossan Resources Limited Receives Offer For Sale Of Equity Interest In Claims Network Inc. http://bit.ly/xzhN0C
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc Signs Definitive Share Purchase Agreement To Acquire Majority Interest In Canadian Titanium Limited http://bit.ly/wh7IGk
New blog post : Energizer Resources Executes Industrial Minerals Joint Venture Agreement with Australia's Malagasy Minerals http://bit.ly/ybnF7L
Thursday, February 9, 2012
New blog post : Gossan Resources Limited Completes First Tranche of Private Placement http://bit.ly/x15lgK
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc Completes Acquisition Of Majority Interest In Canadian Titanium Limited http://bit.ly/wpCpP4
New blog post : Energizer Resources Identifies Second Strategic Mineral and Completes Reconnaissance Exploration Program http://bit.ly/wD1X5m
New blog post : Apella Resources Inc. Defeats SOQUEM Inc.'s Declaration of Intervention re Lac Dore Claims http://bit.ly/zOipbj
New blog post : Gossan Resources Ltd Receives New Offer For Sale Of Equity Interest In The Claims Network Inc. http://bit.ly/yJ0XHI
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc To Acquire Cliffs Natural Resources Inc's Quinto Claims On Lac Brule Property http://bit.ly/zgRxpn
New blog post : Energizer Resources Discovers Potential Flake Graphite Camp; Preliminary Assays Include 61.4 Metre Intercept at 7.46% Carbon http://bit.ly/yi8VD6
New blog post : Apella Resources Inc. Completes $209,700 Private Placement-Canada Stockwatch http://bit.ly/zmqfPu
New blog post : NEVADO Announces Successful Completion of Neomet Technologies Stage 2 Mini ... http://bit.ly/zOromA
New blog post : Gossan Receives a New Offer for the Sale of Its Equity Interest in The Claims ... http://bit.ly/zMinlB
New blog post : Argex Mining Inc To Sell Mouchalagane Iron Ore Property To Its Wholly Owned Subsidiary Impact Iron Mines http://bit.ly/Axe9Kp
New blog post : Energizer Resources' Discovery of Graphite and Vanadium Leads to Agreement with Africa's Leading Mining Project Development Manager, DRA Mineral Projects, to Develop the Green Giant Project http://bit.ly/wT8GTv
New blog post : Apella Resources Inc.: Lac Dore Vanadium-Iron-Titanium Project Sold to ... http://bit.ly/zBxA4I
Wednesday, February 8, 2012
New blog post : ANNOUNCEMENT ~ Make Sure You Check The Site Early Tomorrow Morning!!! http://bit.ly/ytLAJi
New blog post : ANNOUNCEMENT ~ Make Sure You Check The Site Early Tomorrow Morning!!! http://bit.ly/ytLAJi
New blog post : ANNOUNCEMENT ~ Make Sure You Check The Site Early Tomorrow Morning!!! http://bit.ly/ytLAJi
New blog post : ANNOUNCEMENT ~ Make Sure You Check The Site Early Tomorrow Morning!!! http://bit.ly/ytLAJi
Tuesday, February 7, 2012
New blog post : Solving Critical Rare Earth Metal Shortages - Oakshire Financial http://bit.ly/y7Bnto
Sunday, February 5, 2012
New blog post : ITLG-'Irish Times' Innovation Awards finalists for 2012 - Irish Times http://bit.ly/A32Gv3
Thursday, February 2, 2012
http://www.vanadiumsite.com/vanadium-spot-price What Dictates The Vanadium Price
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
http://ping.fm/me56i article test, please place your article in C:UsersyourusernameAppDataLocalxml_mega_robotarticlesmegarobot
http://www.vanadiumsite.com/vanadium-spot-price What Dictates The Vanadium Price
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
http://ping.fm/ratiR article test, please place your article in C:UsersyourusernameAppDataLocalxml_mega_robotarticlesmegarobot
http://www.vanadiumsite.com/vanadium-spot-price What Dictates The Vanadium Price
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
http://ping.fm/AP0MH article test, please place your article in C:UsersyourusernameAppDataLocalxml_mega_robotarticlesmegarobot
http://www.vanadiumsite.com/vanadium-spot-price What Dictates The Vanadium Price
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
http://ping.fm/sMjuI article test, please place your article in C:UsersyourusernameAppDataLocalxml_mega_robotarticlesmegarobot
http://www.vanadiumsite.com/vanadium-spot-price What Dictates The Vanadium Price
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
In basic market-based economic theory, the price of a material is based on production costs and fluctuates according to the laws of supply and demand. In this respect, vanadium is no different than any other commodity. Basic price is determined by production cost, and fluctuations occur based upon varying demands for the resource and changes in the available supply.
Where Does Vanadium Come From?
Vanadium is a metal, and it is a relatively common one. When viewed as an elemental component of the Earth, vanadium is as common as zinc or nickel. Unlike zinc or nickel, however, this resource doesn’t naturally occur as a pure metal or even as a metal oxide. Instead, it is a very small component of many separate minerals.
Since vanadium is present only in small quantities in the minerals in which it is found, it has never been very profitable to extract. It becomes profitable when these minerals are mined and processed for other purposes, since the mining cost has already been absorbed. Magnetite and carnatite are the two most commercialized of these minerals.
DUISBURG, GERMANY - JANUARY 13: A worker wear...
Image by Getty Images via @daylife
Magnetite is important as an iron ore, but it also contains small percentages of vanadium. When it is processed in an ironworks, the first and most basic product is pig iron. The molten pig iron is typically poured directly from the blast furnace, where it is produced, into an electric arc furnace. Inside the arc furnace, excess carbon compounds are burned off and the alloy composition is adjusted to make specific blends of steel.
Most integrated ironworks and steelworks facilities interrupt the molten pig iron transfer to blow oxygen over the surface of the liquid metal. The oxygen oxidizes silicon, titanium, manganese and vanadium into slags that are less dense than the molten iron. Vanadium hardens steel, and if too much vanadium is allowed into the mixture, the resulting steel will be too hard to easily machine. Samples are taken of the molten iron until the vanadium concentration is at the specified content, and at that point the oxygen flow is stopped. The floating slag layer is scraped off the top of the molten iron, and the iron is poured into the electric arc furnace.
The slag typically has 15 percent vanadium as vanadium pentoxide concentration at this point, which is far purer than its occurrence in any natural mineral. It is cooled, crushed, and sent on for further refining.
Carnatite, the other commercialized vanadium-containing mineral, is typically mined for its uranium content. Vanadium is not a by-product of the process; it is obtained through additional extraction techniques that are not relative to the uranium processing. The economics of both processes becomes feasible only when the profits from both products are considered together.
Where Is Vanadium Used?
Vanadium is a crucial element in the construction industry. Concrete is often poured over a three dimensional lattice (LTTC 0.10 ↑0.00%) of steel rebar to create reinforced concrete. In certain situations, something stronger than typical low carbon steel is required. Low carbon steel alloys, such as manganese-steel can be used in these situations. Low carbon steel manganese alloy rebar is strong, but it is typically produced by a process known as Quench and Self Temper. This process hardens the exterior of the rebar but
does not alter the core.
Vanadium Steel Rebar
Vanadium steel alloy is a much stronger material. It contains stable vanadium carbides and vanadium nitrides throughout the body of the rebar. It is often sold as seismic grade rebar, and the market for seismic rebar has exploded in recent years following the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in the eastern Sichuan province of China. This disaster revealed that enforcement of seismic building codes in rural areas of that country was lax. The codes are being strictly enforced in all current construction and reconstruction. Extensive construction activities following the recent earthquake and tsunami in Japan have also increased the use of vanadium steel in that country.
Vanadium steel is also used for any critical application where high stress is anticipated. It can be formulated as vanadium high-carbon steel, with less than 0.25 percent vanadium, or as vanadium high-speed tool steel containing up to five percent vanadium.
The chemical formula for vanadium pentoxide is V2O5. In the most common processing technique, the recovered vanadium-rich slag from an iron blast furnace is mixed with sodium carbonate to create a sodium metavanadate intermediate, which is then acidified with sulfuric acid to precipitate V2O5.
Most V2O5 is used to produce ferrovanadium, which is an iron alloy with a high percentage of vanadium. Percentages of 40 to 50 percent are common. Ferrovanadium is used, in turn, to produce specialty vanadium-steel alloys. Although vanadium can be incorporated into steel through other methods, ferrovanadium is preferred because it improves the steel’s grain.
Vanadium pentoxide is also an important industrial chemical. It is used in the production of sulphuric acid and in the production of maleic anhydride.
Market demand for vanadium is also increasing as the demand for high energy density vanadium redox batteries increases. These batteries store electrical energy as chemical potential through the oxidation states of vanadium. As the vanadium is oxidized, electrons flow from the battery to produce current. When the battery is recharged, electrons flow back into the battery and reduce the vanadium, storing electrical potential again. Because these batteries have such a high storage capacity, they are important for wind turbine and photovoltaic panel energy generating facilities.
Vanadium Stocks And Price Fluctuations
In 2010, the U.S. imported 2,500 metric tons, or roughly 69 percent of apparent consumption, of vanadium pentoxide. South Africa holds the world’s largest known vanadium reserves, but China also controls large supplies of vanadium. With construction demands for vanadium increasing in China, and expected to remain strong for the next 10 to 20 years, expectations are that supply will be limited and the vanadium price will increase.
Investin In Vanadium
Investing in vanadium stocks requires knowledge and experience, because vanadium is not currently mined in exclusive vanadium-producing operations. Stocks are typically held for uranium or iron mines, and investing in these ventures provides interest in the subsequent vanadium price margin.
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